Universal Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Vol. 7(3), pp. 187 - 200
DOI: 10.13189/ujeee.2020.070303
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Three-Level Laser Coupled to Squeezed Vacuum Reservoir


Menisha Alemu *
Department of Physics, Wolkite University, P. O. Box 07, Wolkite, Ethiopia

ABSTRACT

We analyze the quantum properties of the light generated by a three-level laser with an open cavity and coupled to a two-mode squeezed vacuum reservoir via a single-port mirror. The three-level laser consists of three-level atoms available in an open cavity and pumped from the bottom to the top level by means of electron bombardment. Applying the large-time approximation scheme, we have obtained the steady-state solutions of the equations of evolution for the expectation values of the atomic operators and the quantum Langevin equations for the cavity mode operators. Using the resulting steady-state solutions, we have calculated the mean photon number, the variance of the photon number, and the quadrature variance for the two-mode cavity light. We have seen that the light generated by the three-level laser is in a squeezed state and the squeezing occurs in the plus quadrature. It so turns out that the maximum quadrature squeezing of the two-mode cavity light is 45:68% for M0 = 0:59 and N0 = 0:27 below the vacuum-state level. In addition, we have shown that the effect of the squeezed parameter is to increase the mean and variance of the photon number.

KEYWORDS
Operator Dynamics, Photon Statistics, Quadrature Squeezing, Spontaneous Emission

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Menisha Alemu , "Three-Level Laser Coupled to Squeezed Vacuum Reservoir," Universal Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 187 - 200, 2020. DOI: 10.13189/ujeee.2020.070303.

(b). APA Format:
Menisha Alemu (2020). Three-Level Laser Coupled to Squeezed Vacuum Reservoir. Universal Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 7(3), 187 - 200. DOI: 10.13189/ujeee.2020.070303.