Universal Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7(6), pp. 221 - 227
DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2019.070604
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Morphological Diversity Assessment of Nigeria Sorghum Landraces for Utilization in Hybrid Parent Development

Angarawai I. Ignatius ^1,*, Willmar Leiser ², Baloua Nebie ³, Yeye Y. Mary ⁴, Aba A. Daniel ⁴, Abubakar Lawali ⁵, Ajeigbe H. A ¹, Jonah Jerome ^1
1 International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics Kano, Nigeria
² University of Hohenheim, Germany
³ International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics Bamako, Mali
⁴ Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
⁵ Usman Dan-Fodio University, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Challenge in hybrid sorghum development for the Nigerian environment remains the identification of suitable seed parents, constrained most particularly by non-appropriate indigenous sources of stable male-sterility maintenance on the female parents. To achieve this goal, defined "functional" hetero¬tic paren¬tal-pools is required to create new and diverse hybrid parents for sustainable hybrid develop¬ment. To explore availability of male–sterility inducing cytoplasm, an exploratory landrace Sorghum collection across some states of Nigeria 2014 and 2015 were carried out and evaluated for target hybrid parent traits. 388 testcrosses generated from 40 randomly selected landraces collections using 2 male sterile lines (ICS38A and ICS24005A), were evaluated for sterility maintainer to identify lines that are suitable for conversion to male sterile lines and restorers. Preliminary characterization during 2014 cropping season evaluation showed that most of the sorghum landraces grown in the Sudan Savannah are white or yellow grain with compact elliptic panicle forms (caudatum type) accounting for 46% as compared to those in Guinea Savannah cultivating white or red grain with loose dropping panicle forms (guinea type). Result from the genomic analysis revealed wide genetic diversity with 5 major distinct clusters at 0.2 Euclidian distances. The genetic materials used as parents in the testcrosses showed high potential of genetic male sterility maintainers and were diverse, where 3 of the landrace parents were mapped to cluster 1, 13 to cluster 2, 1 to cluster 3 and 3 to cluster 5. Given that the collection areas are diverse with heterogeneous agro-ecologies, the landraces observed could be used as important sources of novel alleles for developing hybrid parents.

KEYWORDS
Sorghum, Hybrid, Male Sterility, Landraces, Clusters

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Angarawai I. Ignatius , Willmar Leiser , Baloua Nebie , Yeye Y. Mary , Aba A. Daniel , Abubakar Lawali , Ajeigbe H. A , Jonah Jerome , "Morphological Diversity Assessment of Nigeria Sorghum Landraces for Utilization in Hybrid Parent Development," Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 221 - 227, 2019. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2019.070604.

(b). APA Format:
Angarawai I. Ignatius , Willmar Leiser , Baloua Nebie , Yeye Y. Mary , Aba A. Daniel , Abubakar Lawali , Ajeigbe H. A , Jonah Jerome (2019). Morphological Diversity Assessment of Nigeria Sorghum Landraces for Utilization in Hybrid Parent Development. Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(6), 221 - 227. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2019.070604.