Universal Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Vol. 6(4), pp. 239 - 258
DOI: 10.13189/ujeee.2019.060406
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Reconfigurable Antennas and Their Applications

Harish Chandra Mohanta ^1,2,*, Abbas Z. Kouzani ¹, Sushanta K. Mandal ^3
1 School of Engineering, Deakin University, Australia
² Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Centurion University of Technology and Management, India
³ Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sharda University, India

ABSTRACT

Reconfigurable antennas are capable of dynamically altering their frequency, polarization, and radiation properties in a controlled and reversible manner. They modify their geometry and behaviour to maximize the antenna performance in response to changes in their surrounding conditions. To implement a dynamical response, they employ different mechanisms such as PIN diodes, varactors, radio-frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF-MEMS), field effect transistors (FETs), parasitic pixel layers, photoconductive elements, mechanical actuators, metamaterials, ferrites, and liquid crystals. These mechanisms enable intentional distribution of current on the antenna surface producing reversible modification of their properties. This paper presents the design process and applications of reconfigurable antennas. The activation mechanisms of reconfigurable antennas, and their design and operation optimization are discussed. The latest advances on reconfigurable metamaterial engineering, and the current trends and future directions relating to reconfigurable antennas are reviewed. Finally, the applications of reconfigurable antennas in cognitive radio, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, satellite communications, and biomedical devices are highlighted.

KEYWORDS
Radiation Pattern, Polarizations, Radio Frequency Microelectromechanical System, PIN Diodes, Varactors, Metasurface, Optical Switches, Reconfigurable Antennas

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Harish Chandra Mohanta , Abbas Z. Kouzani , Sushanta K. Mandal , "Reconfigurable Antennas and Their Applications," Universal Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 239 - 258, 2019. DOI: 10.13189/ujeee.2019.060406.

(b). APA Format:
Harish Chandra Mohanta , Abbas Z. Kouzani , Sushanta K. Mandal (2019). Reconfigurable Antennas and Their Applications. Universal Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 6(4), 239 - 258. DOI: 10.13189/ujeee.2019.060406.