Environment and Ecology Research Vol. 1(3), pp. 85 - 128
DOI: 10.13189/eer.2013.010301
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Upstream Water Piracy, the Strongest Weapon of Cornering a Downstream Nation

Miah Muhammad Adel ^*
Interdisciplinary Sciences Research Center, Department of Chemistry & Physics, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, 1200 North University Drive, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, P. O. Box 4941

ABSTRACT

The article reviews about 100 meetings between India and her counterparts Pakistan and Bangladesh, and the Bangladesh’s consenting, for her least survivability to avoid the worst Indian cornering by the unilateral water piracy, to India’s right to the Ganges water piracy by the Farakka Barrage over the Ganges to establish the No. 1 waterway across India. Sources of information have been published articles and news in electronic and print media, site visitations, experts’ interviews, field work, travel accounts, research institutions and government offices. The Bangladesh’s courteous consent to a 41-day test-run of the barrage in April 1975 ended in Indian unilateral piracy that continued until 1977 when a 5-year consent to piracy was signed after raising the issue to the UN General Assembly that prompted Indian dailies heinous comments against Bangladesh. Later, in two memoranda of understanding the piracy right was granted in 1982 and 1985. Unilateral water piracy continued 1988 through 1996 toward the end of which the consent to a 30-year piracy right was signed. Indian water piracy by other dams and barrages upstream of the Farakka is on the rise causing the ever-decreasing Ganges discharge through Bangladesh that has resulted in the world’s worst ecocide. The UN should consider water pirates committing multiple crimes of ecosystem water deprivation, drinking water poisoning, climate change, and global environmental change, and subject them to international sanction, and look for downstream ecosystem damages of any degree by the upstream water management in the criminal investigation.

KEYWORDS
Ganges basin, Farake Barrage, water piracy, Bangladesh, India, piracy right, memoranda of understanding, test-run, ecosystem, human rights

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Miah Muhammad Adel , "Upstream Water Piracy, the Strongest Weapon of Cornering a Downstream Nation," Environment and Ecology Research, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 85 - 128, 2013. DOI: 10.13189/eer.2013.010301.

(b). APA Format:
Miah Muhammad Adel (2013). Upstream Water Piracy, the Strongest Weapon of Cornering a Downstream Nation. Environment and Ecology Research, 1(3), 85 - 128. DOI: 10.13189/eer.2013.010301.