Advances in Zoology and Botany Vol. 6(1), pp. 31 - 40
DOI: 10.13189/azb.2018.060104
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Impact of Environmental and Pathogenic Variability on Breaking of Host Rust Resistance in Wheat Cultivars under Changing Climatic Conditions

Muhammad Makky Javaid ¹, Muhammad Zulkiffal ¹, Yasir Ali ^2,*, Arshad Mehmood ¹, Javed Ahmed ¹, Muhammad Hussain ³, Faqir Muhammad ¹, Waseem Sabir ¹, Muhammad Hammad Tanveer ¹, Owais Yasin ^2
1 Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agriculture Research Institute, AARI, Faisalabad, Pakistan
² Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
³ Plant Pathology Research Institute, Ayub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad, Pakistan

ABSTRACT

The rust fungi especially emergence of new rust races has serious threat to global wheat production. This is mainly due to the widespread use of race-specific seedling resistance genes and evolution of new virulence races like Yr9, Yr27, and Sr31. Several quantitative disease resistance (QDR) or durable resistance genes i.e. Lr34/Yr18/Pm38/Sr57, Lr46/Yr29/Pm39/Sr58, Lr67/Yr46, Lr68 providing resistance to rust diseases at either high or low temperatures have been identified. But, changing climatic conditions affect the level of resistance in cultivars, as at high temperature Lr34/Yr18 genes which confer durable resistance in wheat become less effective and at low temperature it provides high resistance. While in contrast, yellow rust resistance genes; Yr36 and Yr39 confer resistance at high temperature and later growth stages. This review provides a detailed discussion on, the different aspects of climate change that how it affect host resistance and pathogenic variability and its sustainable control by developing cultivars with high level durable resistance.

KEYWORDS
Adult Plant Resistance, Bread Wheat, Climatic Conditions, Environmental Variability, Host Resistance, Virulent Races

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Muhammad Makky Javaid , Muhammad Zulkiffal , Yasir Ali , Arshad Mehmood , Javed Ahmed , Muhammad Hussain , Faqir Muhammad , Waseem Sabir , Muhammad Hammad Tanveer , Owais Yasin , "Impact of Environmental and Pathogenic Variability on Breaking of Host Rust Resistance in Wheat Cultivars under Changing Climatic Conditions," Advances in Zoology and Botany, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 31 - 40, 2018. DOI: 10.13189/azb.2018.060104.

(b). APA Format:
Muhammad Makky Javaid , Muhammad Zulkiffal , Yasir Ali , Arshad Mehmood , Javed Ahmed , Muhammad Hussain , Faqir Muhammad , Waseem Sabir , Muhammad Hammad Tanveer , Owais Yasin (2018). Impact of Environmental and Pathogenic Variability on Breaking of Host Rust Resistance in Wheat Cultivars under Changing Climatic Conditions. Advances in Zoology and Botany, 6(1), 31 - 40. DOI: 10.13189/azb.2018.060104.