Universal Journal of Physics and Application Vol. 11(5), pp. 154 - 161
DOI: 10.13189/ujpa.2017.110504
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Collective Phenomena in Heavy Ion Collisions

Slavica Brkić ^1,*, Mile Dželalija ^2
1 Faculty of Natural Sciences, Mathematics and Education, University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
² Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Split, Croatia

ABSTRACT

To create conditions which ruled one billionth of a second after the Big Bang, it is necessary to heat and compact the nuclear matter. During the first microseconds after the Big Bang the universe went through such a phase transition at very high temperatures but very low net baryon density. At very high temperatures or densities, the hadrons melt and their constituents, the quarks and gluons, form a new phase of matter, the so called quark-gluon plasma. Relativistic heavy ion collisions aim to create a quark gluon plasma where quarks and gluons can move freely over volumes that are large in comparison to the typical size of a hadron. When the particles collide at high energies, it leads to the conversion of particle collision participants in a much heavier particle. If the energy density is large enough, after a collision occurs the formation of quark-gluon plasma. In the dense nuclear medium, it comes to collective phenomena such as increased production of strangeness, damping charmonium and collective motion of particles. In nuclear medium, it comes to individual collision of quarks, which also hadronize. Using simulation package Pythia, we analyzed the reaction system that results in individual collisions of quarks and antiquarks, and emergence of collective phenomena.

KEYWORDS
Quark-gluon Plasma, Strange Particle, Charmonium, Collective Motion, Elliptic Flow

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Slavica Brkić , Mile Dželalija , "Collective Phenomena in Heavy Ion Collisions," Universal Journal of Physics and Application, Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 154 - 161, 2017. DOI: 10.13189/ujpa.2017.110504.

(b). APA Format:
Slavica Brkić , Mile Dželalija (2017). Collective Phenomena in Heavy Ion Collisions. Universal Journal of Physics and Application, 11(5), 154 - 161. DOI: 10.13189/ujpa.2017.110504.