Universal Journal of Public Health Vol. 13(3), pp. 650 - 658
DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130313
Reprint (PDF) (529Kb)

Factors Related to Blood Cholinesterase Levels in Shallot Farmers in Enrekang Indonesia

Muhammad Ikhtiar ^1,*, Nasruddin Syam ¹, Ulfa Sulaiman ¹, Ayu Puspitasari ¹, Haeril Amir ^2
1 Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia
² Nursing Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Background: Pesticides are chemical substances that, when not used according to prescribed standards, can negatively impact health and environmental quality, particularly soil and water ecosystems. Method: This study used a laboratory-based analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 358 shallot farmers, with a sample of 188 selected through purposive sampling. Only farmers consenting to blood sampling were included in the study. OHS officers collected blood samples (0.01 cc each) using a cholinesterase test kit and subsequently analyzed at the Makassar OHS Laboratory. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate statistical methods. Results: The study revealed that 52.7% of respondents had normal cholinesterase levels, while 47.3% had abnormal levels. Regarding the pesticide dosage, 64.4% of respondents comply with recommended dosages, whereas 35.6% used improper dosages. 88.3% of respondents followed proper protocols for spraying techniques, while 11.7% did not. Correlation tests indicated significant associations among farmers between pesticide dosage and spraying techniques with blood cholinesterase levels. Conclusions and Suggestions: Pesticide exposure can manifest through observable symptoms, yet these signs are often underestimated, and individuals rarely seek medical attention. The potential impact of the research is preventive measure to pesticide exposure. The limitations of study is that the sampling technique still uses non-random sampling so that bias can occur. Further research is recommendation to be a longitudinal study to see the long-term effects and measurements can be done several times.

KEYWORDS
Farmers, Blood Cholinesterase, Pesticide

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Muhammad Ikhtiar , Nasruddin Syam , Ulfa Sulaiman , Ayu Puspitasari , Haeril Amir , "Factors Related to Blood Cholinesterase Levels in Shallot Farmers in Enrekang Indonesia," Universal Journal of Public Health, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 650 - 658, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130313.

(b). APA Format:
Muhammad Ikhtiar , Nasruddin Syam , Ulfa Sulaiman , Ayu Puspitasari , Haeril Amir (2025). Factors Related to Blood Cholinesterase Levels in Shallot Farmers in Enrekang Indonesia. Universal Journal of Public Health, 13(3), 650 - 658. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130313.