Universal Journal of Public Health Vol. 12(5), pp. 844 - 854
DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2024.120507
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Vitamin D Status in Late Pregnancy Was Related to Pregnancy Outcomes: A Multi-ethnic Cohort Study in Indonesia and Malaysia

Arif Sabta Aji ^1,2,*, Fui Chee Woon ³, Yit Siew Chin ^3,4, Yoke Mun Chan ⁵, Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto ⁶, Yhona Paratmanitya ², Siti Nurunniyah ⁷, Nenden Ayu Mutiara Fauziyah ¹, Alfina Ulfah Farhan ^1
1 Graduate School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Alma Ata, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
² Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Alma Ata, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
³ Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
⁴ Research Centre of Excellence Nutrition and Non-communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
⁵ Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
⁶ Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
⁷ Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Alma Ata, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

ABSTRACT

In Southeast Asian countries, where vitamin D deficiency is common, available data on the association between low 25(OH)D concentrations and adverse pregnancy outcomes are limited. This study aimed to identify the relationship between vitamin D levels of pregnant women and pregnancy outcomes in Indonesia and Malaysia. The study applied a prospective cohort approach, including 775 mother-infant pairs from selected public health facilities in West Sumatra (Indonesia) and Selangor and Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia). Blood samples were collected to evaluate serum 25(OH)D concentrations during the third trimester of pregnancy. Generally, the mean concentration of 25(OH)D throughout pregnancy was 18.04 ± 9.97 ng/ml and the prevalence of the vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency status were 30.50%, 40.10%, and 29.40%, respectively. Infants born to mothers with higher 25(OH)D concentrations had increased birth weight and head circumference (p<0.05), although no significant correlation was found with length at birth. Furthermore, a significant percentage of pregnant women in Indonesia and Malaysia had insufficient vitamin D status. Maternal vitamin D status is associated with newborn anthropometric measurements in birth weight and head circumference. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these results.

KEYWORDS
Vitamin D Status, Pregnancy Outcomes, Indonesia, Malaysia

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Arif Sabta Aji , Fui Chee Woon , Yit Siew Chin , Yoke Mun Chan , Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto , Yhona Paratmanitya , Siti Nurunniyah , Nenden Ayu Mutiara Fauziyah , Alfina Ulfah Farhan , "Vitamin D Status in Late Pregnancy Was Related to Pregnancy Outcomes: A Multi-ethnic Cohort Study in Indonesia and Malaysia," Universal Journal of Public Health, Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 844 - 854, 2024. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2024.120507.

(b). APA Format:
Arif Sabta Aji , Fui Chee Woon , Yit Siew Chin , Yoke Mun Chan , Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto , Yhona Paratmanitya , Siti Nurunniyah , Nenden Ayu Mutiara Fauziyah , Alfina Ulfah Farhan (2024). Vitamin D Status in Late Pregnancy Was Related to Pregnancy Outcomes: A Multi-ethnic Cohort Study in Indonesia and Malaysia. Universal Journal of Public Health, 12(5), 844 - 854. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2024.120507.