Advances in Zoology and Botany Vol. 12(2), pp. 107 - 114
DOI: 10.13189/azb.2024.120203
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Preliminary Evaluation of Phytochemical and Proximate Composition of Isoberlinia doka Craib & Stapf

Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara ^*, Chiwetalu Chiemelie Okafor , Regina Oluchukwu Anona , Wisdom Chibuzo Anyanele
Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Isoberlinia doka Craib & Stapf is an evergreen perennial hardwood tree with glabrous shining foliage. The plant is predominant in northern Nigerian guinea savanna vegetation. The present study performed both qualitative and quantitative phytochemical and proximate analyses of I. doka leaf, stem bark and root bark on dry matter bases. The plant samples were dried, ground into a powder and extracted using cold maceration technique. The standard laboratory procedures were then used for the analyses. The level of significance was measured using the least significant difference (LSD) post hoc test and the data were presented as the mean of three duplicates. High concentrations of alkaloids at 39.00%, saponins at 5.96%, phenols at 5.86%, steroids at 5.20% and terpenes at 4.30% were detected in the leaf. In addition, alkaloids, anthraquinone glycosides, flavonoids and steroids were only present in the leaf. Cardiac glycosides and tannins were not detected in all the plant parts investigated. Moreover, considerable levels of nutrients were found in the plant parts. The ash contents were relatively high. The percentages of crude fibre and carbohydrate of the leaf at 38.50 and 38.00 respectively were also high. The findings demonstrated that I. doka leaf extracts possess both considerable high pharmacological and nutritional properties; making the leaf the most important part of the plant, ethnobotanically. Hence, the use of the leaf as a vegetable as well as a base for novel drug formulation is suggested.

KEYWORDS
Fabaceae, Phytocompounds, Phytonutrients, Alkaloids, Saponins, Ash

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara , Chiwetalu Chiemelie Okafor , Regina Oluchukwu Anona , Wisdom Chibuzo Anyanele , "Preliminary Evaluation of Phytochemical and Proximate Composition of Isoberlinia doka Craib & Stapf," Advances in Zoology and Botany, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 107 - 114, 2024. DOI: 10.13189/azb.2024.120203.

(b). APA Format:
Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara , Chiwetalu Chiemelie Okafor , Regina Oluchukwu Anona , Wisdom Chibuzo Anyanele (2024). Preliminary Evaluation of Phytochemical and Proximate Composition of Isoberlinia doka Craib & Stapf. Advances in Zoology and Botany, 12(2), 107 - 114. DOI: 10.13189/azb.2024.120203.