Universal Journal of Physics and Application Vol. 8(2), pp. 60 - 75
DOI: 10.13189/ujpa.2014.020202
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Cosmic Initial Singularities in a Single Repeating Universe as Opposed to Their Behavior in a Multiverse

Andrew Beckwith ^*
Chongqing University Department of Physics; Chongqing, PRC, 400044

ABSTRACT

When initial radius of the universe in four dimensions and there is only ONE repeating universe then R_initial→0 or gets very close to zero if Stoica actually derived Einstein equations in a formalism which remove in four dimensions the big bang singularity pathology. So then the reason for Planck length no longer holds. This assumes a repeating single universe. We present entanglement entropy in the early universe with a shrinking scale factor, due to Muller and Lousto , and show that there are consequences due to initial entanged for a time dependent horizonradius r_H in cosmology, with (flat space conditions) r_H=η for conformal time . Even if the 3 dimensional spatial length goes to zero. This construction preserves a minimum non zero ∧ vacuum energy, and in doing so keep the bits, for computational bits cosmological evolution even if in four dimensions we have R_initial→0. We also find that in the case of a multiverse, that such considerations will not hold and that cosmic singularities have a different characteristic in the multiverse setting than in the single universe repeated over and over again. i.e. using an argument borrowed and modified from Kauffman, the multiverse will not mandate ‘perfect’ singularities. The existence of a multiverse may allow for non zero singularities in lieu with the Kauffman argument cited at the end of the document, plus the lower pre big bang temperatures which may allow for the survivial of gravitons just before the onset of the cosmological expansion phase, if a multiverse exists embedding our present universe.

KEYWORDS
Fjortoft Theorem, Thermodynamic Potential, Matter Creation, Vacuum Energy, Non Pathological Singularity Affecting Einstein Equations, Planck Length, Braneworlds

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Andrew Beckwith , "Cosmic Initial Singularities in a Single Repeating Universe as Opposed to Their Behavior in a Multiverse," Universal Journal of Physics and Application, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 60 - 75, 2014. DOI: 10.13189/ujpa.2014.020202.

(b). APA Format:
Andrew Beckwith (2014). Cosmic Initial Singularities in a Single Repeating Universe as Opposed to Their Behavior in a Multiverse. Universal Journal of Physics and Application, 8(2), 60 - 75. DOI: 10.13189/ujpa.2014.020202.