Civil Engineering and Architecture Vol. 9(4), pp. 1075 - 1083
DOI: 10.13189/cea.2021.090410
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Social Sustainability in the Planning, Design, and Construction in Developing Countries: Guidelines and Feasibility for México

Rosy A. Arcila Novelo ^1,*, Sergio O. Álvarez Romero ¹, Gilberto A. Corona Suárez ¹, J. Diego Morales Ramírez ^2
1 Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
² Faculty of Architecture, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México

ABSTRACT

Sustainability is based on three pillars: social, economic, and environmental. However, the main systems of evaluation of the sustainable building, such as Building Research Establishment Assessment Method (BREEAM) and Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), have a strong burden towards the environmental aspect, neglecting the social and economic, and underestimating the effects of the building projects on reducing poverty and inequity. The purpose of this research was to identify socioeconomic criteria for the reality of developing countries, specifically México, and systematize them in a conceptual framework for the stages of planning, design, and construction of buildings with a focus on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and human rights. Through semi-structured interviews with experts and surveys, 12 criteria were identified and ranked for the planning stage, 19 for the design stage, and 15 for the construction stage, being especially relevant the contribution to the Sustainable cities and communities (SDG11), Decent work and economic growth (SDG8) and Reduced inequalities (SDG10) goals. It was found that projects considered sustainable were required to have clear policies on the issues of labor rights, social inclusion, zero tolerance for corruption, gender perspective, and prevention of damage to community environmental assets. The criteria identified contribute to the knowledge of social and economic sustainability in developing countries and aim to make those involved aware of the significance of their decisions in the different stages of the life cycle of construction projects.

KEYWORDS
Social Sustainability, Sustainable Development Goals, Equity, Green Building Rating Systems, Human Rights, Developing Countries

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Rosy A. Arcila Novelo , Sergio O. Álvarez Romero , Gilberto A. Corona Suárez , J. Diego Morales Ramírez , "Social Sustainability in the Planning, Design, and Construction in Developing Countries: Guidelines and Feasibility for México," Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 1075 - 1083, 2021. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2021.090410.

(b). APA Format:
Rosy A. Arcila Novelo , Sergio O. Álvarez Romero , Gilberto A. Corona Suárez , J. Diego Morales Ramírez (2021). Social Sustainability in the Planning, Design, and Construction in Developing Countries: Guidelines and Feasibility for México. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 9(4), 1075 - 1083. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2021.090410.