DETERMINANTS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF CHINESE FUNDED PROJECTS IN KENYA; A CASE OF “ONE BELT ONE ROAD” INITIATIVE PROJECT XIA ANQUAN D133F/CTY/PT/37953/2016 A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF EXECUTIVE MASTER OF 

A Research Project Submitted to the School of Business in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Award of the Degree of Executive Master of Business Administration, Kenyatta University, June, 2019


Project Performance
This is how a project accomplishes the indicators of quality, cost and timeliness.

One Belt One Road Project
This project is are projects initiated by the Chinese government whose main objective is to improve 152 countries infrastructure development and investment status of the countries involved.

Stakeholders Involvement
This refers to the management, employers and all individuals involved in project implementation.

Infrastructure
Refers to the fundamental facilities and systems serving a country, city, or other area, including the services and facilities necessary for its economy to function Legislation Is law which has been promulgated by a legislature or other governing body or the process of making it. Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill, and may be broadly referred to as "legislation", while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business.

Loan
Is the lending of money by one or more individuals, organizations, or other entities to other individuals, organizations xii ABSTRACT Project performance management entails the achievement of enhanced results from the organization, teams and individuals within agreed upon goals, objectives and standards. Organizational decisions must balance between two opposing forces of differentiation and integration. There is increased number of projects that have failed despite advance increase in adoption of best practice. Several studies on performance have revealed that in Kenya, performance is mixed despite numerous initiatives. A few studies have tried to account for the mixed performance especially in the context of multi-factor approach in understanding the effect of management on performance of projects. The study sought to establish determinants of the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya, a case of "One Belt One Road" initiative projects. The study concentrated on stakeholder involvement, infrastructure, change in legislation and loans. The study was based on contingency theory and theory of project management which are deemed to be the most suitable to understanding performance of "One Belt One Road" initiative projects in Kenya. This study used a descriptive survey research design. This study focused on Standard Gauge Railway Project funded by the Chinese government as part of "One Belt One Road" initiative projects. The targeted population of 221 entailed SGR management staff which included project coordinator, project manager, government representative from Kenya and china, operating staff and community representative.A stratified sample of 30% was carried out to generate 66 respondents. The analysis of data was carried out by use of descriptive statistics and a multiple regression analysis conducted in order to establish the determinates of performanceof Chinese Funded Projects in Kenya taking a keen look at Standard Gauge Railway Project funded by the Chinese government.The study established that the selected determinants to a significant extent influenced the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya. The study concluded that the projects embraced stakeholder involvement to a significant extent despite of the challenges faced by not sufficiently including them, incorporating their feedback and expectations in the project. The study concluded that to a great extent project policy framework on technology, road network and continued investment in infrastructure has influenced project performance. The study concluded that the projects relied heavily on loans from the Chinese government, which were sufficiently access but repayment was ongoing and had a long period of time. The study recommends that the project management should improve stakeholder involvement, participation and consultation and also incorporate their feedback in the project implementation cycle to foster project performance. The projects should work on improving infrastructure to facilitate project delivery through use of modern technology and available road network to ensure the project is implemented in time. The study recommends that the projects should ensure that there is due diligence before a loan or credit is sourced, enhance accountability, transparency and integrity in use of resources and the loans granted.

Background of the Study
The process of project implementation highlights a lot of challenges that organization/businesses need to deal with for it to be successful. It is very important that accepts and own its project if it is to be implemented effectively (Das & Ngacho, 2017). Any projects which are imposed on organization against their will are likely to fail because the organization will not support them. A lot of policies have been put in place to ensure that there is full collaboration and partnership between the police force and the organization community in spotting and ameliorating crimes and law disobediences in the community to promote safe coexistence. This is based on the principle that the project community which is made up of people deserves to have an input and say on how their communities are improved . This can only be achieved if they are involved in the project development from the initiation. Furthermore, the criminal actors live within the community and some community members could be having crucial information which may help bring to book the culprits and charge them according to the rule of law (Wang & Law, 2017).
On the other hand, project performance management entails the achievement of enhanced results from the organization, teams and individuals within agreed upon goals, objectives and standards (Armstrong, 1994) According to Pinto and Slevin (1987), successful project implementation would entail timely implementation, within budget, with accountability and delivery of the desired results. According to Bainbridge (2011), there is a quality and accountability deficit in projects. He notes that it is evident, that field staffs working on projects are overwhelmed by many good practice commitments and standards they are to comply with including their own organizational policies and procedures. The role of staffs is important for organizational performance and successful partnerships (Keystone Partner Survey, 2011). There exists diversity of perceptions within the workforce.
According to Lawrence, Zhang, Yan and Chen (2017), organizational decisions must balance between two opposing forces of differentiation and integration. Creativity and innovation would stem from the differences between various departments. The differences arise from the types of work performed, time frames of the work, people"s skills knowledge and interpersonal orientations. Each of these functional structures (departments) must be coordinated by a departmental head for effectiveness and efficiency of operations. The absence of coordination in development projects may affect its performance (Awang & Iranmanesh, 2017). It is notable culture for many project financiers to have an interest in knowing how their finances are applied.
As a result, relationships are governed by contractual agreements signed at different levels.
However organizations often experience a disconnect between strategic plans developed at executive level and actual development projects. Organizational learning, knowledge sharing and training are important in project implementation (Chen, Zhang, Yan & Jin, 2018).
Development projects involve considerable amounts of resources including financial. As financial resources become more competitive, their effective and efficient allocation is necessary to achieve planned objectives and goals which depict the success. Road project have been on the rise because the government alone could not much in ensuring that the transport sectors is effectively improved . The Government therefore increased their support on investment especially road network. This has influenced increase of Chinese investors over the years increased because of has a mechanism to improve road network in Kenya. One of the projects funded the Chinese government include Mombasa Nairobi railways development through "One Belt One Road" initiative project. Its core objective is to ensure that there is free trade in countries that has joined the movement to basically improve the transport network.

Project Performance
According to Burke (2013), projects that are well managed always have the best data and information given by the area of residents. It becomes even easier to come up with good measures that govern the structures and principles which in the end lead to a smooth succession making the concerned stakeholders react quickly towards the succession of the project. Barthel and Isendahl (2013) confirms that many water projects engage financial expertise, community management and technical knowledge to help in developing the project within the set period of time. Involving the communities mostly provide support and give good information that the project developers will use when making decisions concerning the project before they can start developing it. The communities understand the area of residence much better and the strengths and weaknesses that they may be facing and they would what they would like the news the new project to consider (Dhimal, Aryal, Dhimal, Gautam, Singh, Bhusal & Kuch, 2014).
Projects have unique distinguishing characteristics from any other activities in the organization.
Projects are normally temporary where they run only for specified period of time. Projects yield distinctive outcomes expressing that the services of the projects should be different in relation to the current (Memon, Rahman, Abdullah &Azis, 2014). Projects are as well characterized by liberal elaboration based on its uniqueness and higher uncertainty projects cannot be understood wholly at or before they start an thus planning and implementation of projects happens multiple times in different phases. As projects develop, project teams understand the steps to follow, deliverables and way of executing them much better (Minja, 2014).

1.1.2One Belt One Road Initiative Project
This project is also referred to as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI

Statement of the Problem
Project performance management entails the achievement of enhanced outcomes from a firm, persons and groups within agreed upon policies, goals and objectives. Organizational decisions must balance between two opposing forces of differentiation and integration.
Currently there has been a failure of project accomplishment despite advance increase in adoption of effective activities. Various researchers on performance have expressed that within the country, performance is mixed as much as there have been multiple initiatives.
Some researchers have attempted to explain the reason for mixed performance most specifically in the framework of multi factor strategy in comprehending the impact of management on performance of projects.
Ineffective planning a utilization of available resources forms the basis of unaccomplished projects. The execution of project as per the expected budget can be influenced by the execution of project practices and accuracy of project financial forecast. satisfaction of the project"s stakeholder involves attaining their expectations in the execution of the projects (Zahoor, Chan, Utama, Gao & Memon, 2017). Financial accountabilities involves produce and transparency in the utilization of projects for the key purpose they are intended for these and other factors are thought by many to have led to growth of road project in Kenya.
Measures are often incorporated in the design of the projects to enhance project performance.
Despite this, there would still be some deficiencies along the performance measures that would render projects unsuccessful. Given that the project"s failure rates compared to the projected time , budgets expected outcomes stakeholder satisfaction and accountabilities , the study sought to identify determinants of performance of development projects (Nguyen & Watanabe, 2017)..
On the other hand, project failure would entail lateness, cost ineffectiveness dissatisfied stakeholders and lack of accountabilities. The slow take up and failure of these development projects by the Community interest groups suggests that there exist some teething issues. While there are projects that have taken root and achieved sustainability, some have collapsed and given a poor picture in the planning management and implementation of the projects. These collapse, the officers hypothesize is influenced by a number of project factors. To what extent this is corroborated by empirical findings is questionable therefore the labour of this research to verify these factors. The study intended to establish determinants of the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya.

General Objectives
The study sought to establish determinants of the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya, a case of "One Belt One Road" initiative project

Specific Objectives
The following objectives guided the study i. To establish the effect of stakeholder involvement on performance of One Belt One Road initiative project in Kenya.
ii. To determine the role of infrastructure on performance of One Belt One Road initiative project in Kenya.
iii. To find out the influence of change in legislation on performance of One Belt One Road initiative project in Kenya. iv.
To establish the effect of loans on performance of One Belt One Road initiative project in Kenya.

4 Research Questions
The subsequent questions were meant to guide the researcher; i. What is the effect of stakeholder involvement on performance of One Belt One Road initiative project in Kenya?
ii. What is the role of infrastructure on performance of One Belt One Road initiative project in Kenya?
iii. What is the effect of change in legislation on performance of One Belt One Road initiative project in Kenya? iv.
To what extent do loans affect performance of One Belt One Road initiative project in Kenya?

Significance of the Study
The research"s outcome would be significance to a number of stakeholders including: government of Kenya, project offices/ organization and future researchers. For the for Government of Kenya, the findings of this study would guide them in future implementation of infrastructure projects successfully because the factors identified in this study will inform their future actions. Besides, the findings from the research are expected to provide information that can be used to enhance the performance of development projects.
The results of this study would also be significant to future researchers and scholars in that it would act as an empirical source of material besides suggesting areas where they can focus their studies. This study therefore would contribute to the growth of empirical literature besides providing focus for future studies and the study would also be relevant to the project offices/ organization at large because the study will find factors that can promote the successful performance of performance of project to ensure that it achieves its mandate.

Scope of the Study
This study focused on determinants of the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya This study was conducted between April and May 2019.

Limitation of the Study
The study was limited to determinants of the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya taking a close look at One Belt One Road initiative project. A large research would be the best for findings to be comprehensive. The respondents however, were afraid of giving information that is serious because they felt they are exposing the firm"s weakness or they felt they were victimized. Moreover, the respondents were assured of the handling of the information that they would have given with utmost confidentiality. On the other hand, financial problems by the researcher in terms of photocopying, cost on transport, secretarial services etc.

Organization of the Study
The project contains five chapters. Chapter one focuses on the study"s background, the research objectives, questions, limitations, significance, statement of the problem, scope and the organization of the research. The second chapter entail the empirical review of the study , providing the summary of various literature reviews , providing varies research gaps and the study"s conceptual structure. The last chapter focuses on the study"s methodology, target population, techniques used in data collection, analysis and presentation and lastly the ethical consideration related to the study. Chapter four presents the research findings and discussion while chapter five details summary of research findings, conclusions and recommendations.

Introduction
This section put its focus on the theories that are used in the study. It provides a summary of the information from other philosophers that have done similar researchers analyzing the same issues. This section covers the study"s empirical and model review as well as its conceptual structure.

Theoretical Review
This research was based on contingency theory and theory of project management which are deemed to be the most suitable to understanding performance of "One Belt One Road" initiative project in Kenya.

Contingency Theory
The model was developed by Lawrence and Lorsch in 1967. The authors argue that the varying environments place, different needs on firms. The model can aid understand major issues for executing effective infrastructural project systems. One of the major specifically emphases on the environments marked by uncertainty and regular change in the conditions of the markets and technological areas as the such kinds of environments ten to provide different demands, both negative and positive than relative stable environments. The phenomena"s emphasizes on the fact that the driving force on the organizational changes is based on the regular changes of the external environment (Alexander, 2017). Steinbach, Holcomb , Holmes , Devers & Cannella (2017) provides three major assumptions that underline the model , that can be applied in addressing the issues that are experienced in the execution of government project projects. This theory is relevant to the study in that it explains the forces behind project performance and the requirement that this project need to deal with in terms of change in environment status which include change of legislation.

Theory of Project Management
Project management and indeed all organizational production, contains three key goals. First, the goal of attaining the expected products produced in general.

Stakeholder Involvement and Performance
Song, Yu, and Zhang, (2017) conducted a study on the effect of stakeholder satisfaction on and operational performance. The study main object was to assess the dimensions of involving stakeholder on performance of green procurement. The study used descriptive statistics to identify the effect of stakeholder"s involvement. The main target of the study was 206 Chinese A-share companies. For effective analysis the study used secondary data that was collected from the repositories of the Chinese companies. This reports that was used were grown from Guotai Junan Securities Co., Ltd and Wind Information Co., Ltd. The study identified that the firms focuses on stakeholder"s involvement on decision making which significantly influence performance of Chinese A-share companies. The study therefore concluded that stakeholder"s involvement significantly influence productivity of different department of an organization.
Miruriand Wanjohi (2017)  of the study was the entire variables have a positive relationship with performance of corporate entrepreneurship. The study used primary data collected from these firms and analyzed those using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study identified that the capacity of an organization to basically absorb new knowledge depend on the level of stakeholders involvement through skills development forums. The study also identified that stakeholders are required to be involved in firms general and constant updates, innovation of processes, production decision making and collaboration between parties to maintain their comparative advantage and performance.

Infrastructure and Performance
Skorobogatova and Kuzmina-Merlino (2017) studied the effect of infrastructure development on economic performance. This study was conducted in Latvia with special analysis on how infrastructure development on economic development of Latvia. The study described the importance of transport infrastructure on the importance state transport network. This study focused on the necessity for the development of the methodology of measuring the transport infrastructure performance, that should be applied systematically and that would be generally helpful to all responsible people making transportation-related decisions. The study identified that infrastructure development such as ICT and road network significantly influences economic performance. The study concluded that adequate infrastructure is a fundamental precondition for the country transport system.
Oyigbo and Ugwu (2017)  The study used both primary and secondary data that was drawn from government report and primary from structured questionnaire drawn from the management of Public-Private Partnerships project. The study indicated that financial assisted organization performed better economically as to compare the organization that has not been supported. The study concluded that there is significant correlation between performance and financial support.
Mauerhoefer, Strese and Brettel, (2017) conducted a study on the how information technology impacts performance of new product development. The study developed a conceptual model which is used to determine the how IT and non-IT organizational are affected by the availability of resources. The study was conducted on Germany IT firms thus the target population included the management teams of these firms. The study main intention was to address the limitation that associated with lack of technology and there effect on comparative advantage of the organization. The study identified that effectiveness new product development depend on the technology tools used. This tool has a positive significant on performance of the organization. The study also revealed that availability of effective tool cannot increase performance but the degree and the frequency at which the organization use it.

Change in Legislation and Performance
Perkins and Repper (2018) reviewed effect of mental health legislation on productivity change.
The study was concentrated on how mental health effect productivity of IT firms in South Africa.
The study used primary data for data collection. The data was then analyzed to determine the effect that the firm undergo when they have effectively dealt with any negativity that the organization employees might have. The study identified that firms that conduct forums to discuss the all matters that affect staff performance perform better than their counter parts that have not engaged their employees. The study therefore concluded that the method used by organization to control the mentality of the employees significantly influence how and to what level the staff are committed to their work.
Begen, Barnett, Payne, Gowland, Dunn Galvin and Lucas (2018) conducted a study on the effect that allergen information legislation have on the eating out pattern. The study was conducted in United kingdoms. This study focused on change in the eating out practices of consumers with food allergy as a result of change legislation. The main objective of the study was to investigate the impact that EU legislation have on the behaviors, experiences and attitudes of consumers with food allergy when eating out. The study used longitudinal research in its quest to determine the effect of information legislation on performance of food allergy firms. The study sampled 129 respondents from pre and post legislation and subjected to quantitative analyses. The finding identified that any improvement in allergen information provided and riced the awareness of food allergy. The findings also identified that this process also helped in communication between the staff, management and their customers. The study concluded that this process helped in improving judgment, and consistency in production processes for easy implementation of the organizational goals.
Cette, Lopez and Mairesse (2018)  affect tremendously performance of ICT firms. The study also identified that without adequate funds generation, community-level support and timely information provision then the firm will undergo difficulties in the decision-making structure with is the of legislation change.

Loans and Project Performance
Dvouletý (2017)  the study were experiencing financial toxicity and only a small portion could access financial assistance. The most common barrier that was identified by study is complex/duplicative paperwork, lack of resources and lack of knowledge about resources. The study therefore concluded that Oncology navigators had higher burden of financial toxicity which is basically addressed by insufficient knowledge. It is therefore important for organizations to address financial burden to reduce and address the need community involved with an aim, of eliminating barriers.

Conceptual Framework
The study"s conceptual structure provides the research with a guideline on how independent and depended variables interact in relation to determinants of performance of "One Belt One Road" initiative project in Kenya. The study focused on four determinants namely; Stakeholder Involvement, Infrastructure, Change in Legislation and Loans. Each of them was examined to find out their effects on performance of "One Belt One Road" initiative project in Kenya.

Introduction
The section provides the study"s methodology utilized under the study. It provides key elements of the study"s design, target population, sampling size, design, methods used in data collection, analysis and presentation. The section as well provides the ethical concerns related to the study.

Research Design
The research applied descriptive design. The design explains what exists and really helps in uncovering new ideas and meaning. The major purpose of the design was observing, describing and documenting aspects of situations naturally occurs . The design"s purpose was to offer a picture of circumstances as they naturally happen.

Target Population
Yin, (2017) define the target population as a complete set of individuals, case or objects with the same common observable characteristics. This study focused on Standard Gauge Railway Project funded by the Chinese government as part of One Belt One Road initiative project. The targeted population entails SGR management staff which included project coordinator, project manager, government representative from Kenya and China, operating staff and community representative.
The target population was therefore 221 respondents as presented in the table below;

Sample Size and Sampling Procedure
This study used stratified sampling technique in selecting managers and directors of SGR. In this case, SGR management staff is better placed in providing information on determinant of performance. In selecting the sample size, this study utilizes sample determination table developed by (Creswell & Poth, 2017). From the population of 221 a sample was picked for 30%, as total of 66 respondents According to Mugenda and Mugenda (2003), a sample of more than 30% is representative.

Data Collection Instrument
Questionnaires were used as instruments of data collection. The selection of questionnaires as data collection instrument in this research study is informed by the fact that the current study is based on quantitative research approach. According to Yin (2017) the technique is crucial in collecting data from different disciplines as its cost effective and effective to use. The data was collected through drop and pick method which is convenient and time saving mode of administering questionnaires. The respondents were asked to rate various aspects in a Likert scale. The respondents were required to tick where appropriate indicating their opinion regarding the identity determinant performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya. Since there could be a chance that some of the respondents chosen would fail to provide the right information, the researcher selected a large number of respondents to ensure that high quality data is collected.

Data Collection Procedures
The data was collected using self-administered questionnaires to the SGR management staff which included project coordinator, project manager, government representative from Kenya and china, operating staff and community representative. The questionnaires were administered through drop and pick method where the researcher delivered the questionnaires in person at the respondents" places of work. However, where it was difficult for the respondents to complete the questionnaire immediately, the researcher left the questionnaires with the respondents and picked them up at a later date.

Validity of Research Instrument
Heale and Twycross (2015) explains validity as the capability of the study"s instruments to effectively measure what they are expected to measure. The researcher tested the instrument"s internal validity with the objective of measuring if the explanation of specific details really sustained in its actual data. The researcher used content validity that helps in ensuring that the instruments used fairly measure the items that it was expected to cover.
The researcher as well applied construct validity in measuring if the theory and the construct correlate (LoBiondo & Haber, 2014).

Reliability of Research Instrument
The researcher tested the study instrument"s reliability by the use of Cronbach alpha.
Reliability measures the consistency of the research instrument used. Cronbach"s alpha forms one of the major tool used in measuring reliability within the organizational and social sciences (Furler, 2013). As per the technique, a coefficient of 0.7 is considered more effective as it depicts that the instruments of the study are consistent (Cronbach, 1950).

Data Analysis and presentation
The collected data was analysed to summarize the essential characters and association of data to objectively generalize and examine patterns of behaviour and specific results. Before processing the responses, the filled questionnaires information were edited for completeness and consistency and then coded. The obtained questionnaires data were coded and organized in excel spread sheet and analysis was done through excel and SPSS software. The results of the analysis was presented in the form of tables and percentages in a manner that is both simple and comprehensive and then use to complete the research report as per the survey objectives and research questions.
Besides, the researcher is to conduct a multiple regressions analysis in order to examine The study was tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to establish the significance of the model in estimating the relationship between the dependent and independent variables.

Ethical Consideration
The researcher obtain an introductory and research authorization letter from the institution stating the main purpose of the research and how the research maintained the privacy and confidentiality of information that was obtained from the respondents. The purpose, the duration of the participation and the benefits of the study were communicated to all the participants in advance.

Introduction
This study sought to assess the determinants of the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya with a special focus on the One Belt One Road Initiative. The Standard gauge railway project is the pioneer in the initiative and the respondents were picked from the project. The main determinants focused on were stakeholder involvement, infrastructure, change in legislation and loans and their effect on project performance analyzed. The study targeted 221 project staff who included project coordinators, project managers, government representative from both China and Kenya, operational staff and community representatives. A sample of 66 respondents was randomly chosen who were given questionnaires that were subsequently used in data analysis. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics and presented using means, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages.

Response Rate
The study sample size was 66 representing project management team, government representatives, operations staff and community representatives. Out of the 66 questionnaires distributed to the respondents, 60 of them were completed and returned. This gave a response rate of 90.91% which is deemed sufficient for the study as presented in the figure below; The findings show that the response rate was sufficient for the current study. This is supported by Mugenda and Mugenda (2003) who stated that a sample size of 70% and above is deemed statistically sufficient for a study.

Reliability Test
The researcher conducted a reliability test for the questionnaires used to collect data using the Cronbach"s Alpha coefficient. A Cronbach alpha was computed for each of the variables and the overall coefficient determined. The findings were as shown in Table 4.2. Cronbach coefficient was 0.789 which was above 0.7 an indication that the research instruments were reliable for the study. This is supported by Cronbach (1951) who stated that a Cronbach alpha of 0.7 and above is deemed sufficient for the study.

Demographic Background
The study assessed the bio-demographic characteristics of the respondents ranging from gender, age, highest education level to years worked at the organization. The findings were as presented below;

Gender of Respondents
The study sought to find out the respondents gender in the Chinese funded projects in Kenya.
The findings were as presented in the pie chart below; The study established that 75% of the respondents who were SGR staff were male while 25% were female. This indicates that most of the management staff were male. However either gender was represented in the study.

Age of Respondents
The study further sought to assess the age distribution of the respondents. The findings were as tabulated below; The study established that 35% of the respondents were under 30 years, 46.67% of them were between 31 and 40 years, 18.33% of them were 41 years and above. The study indicated that most of the project management staff were young people whose potential to perform was high.

Education Level
The study further sought to establish the education level of the project management staff in the Standard Railway Gauge Project in Kenya. The findings were as presented below; The study indicated that 27% of the respondents were tertiary college graduates, 55% were university graduates while 18% had post-graduate qualifications. This indicates that most of the respondents had at least a university degree. This indicates that the management staff at the SGR had the pre-requisite academic qualifications to perform their duties and responsibilities well.

Period in the Organization
The study sought to establish the number of years the respondents had been involved in the SGR project. The findings were as presented below;  The study established that 18% of the management staff at the One belt one road initiative project had worked for less than 3 years, 65% had worked for between 4 and 7 years, 17% of them had worked for more than 8 years. This indicates that most of the respondents were more than 4 years old in the project. This indicates that they had significant understanding on the operations and performance trend and challenges of the SGR project.

Stakeholder Involvement and Project Performance
The study respondents were requested to indicated their level of agreement or disagreement with the following statements relating to the effect of stakeholder involvement on performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya on a likert scale of 1-5 where 1-Strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree. The findings were presented in terms of means and standard deviations as tabulated below; Series1, 0-3 years , 18 Series1, 4-7 years , 65 Series1, 8 years and over, 17 Period worked at the SGR The study established that to a moderate extent the stakeholders are included in the decision making of the project, the policies formulated by the organization allows full participation of the employees, the staff are committed to their work because of favorable policies, top management in the project delegate responsibilities to the project teams, they are motivated by favorable policies that have been formed in their organization, their project support their development through training and that the project always conduct forums for discussion with all stakeholders as indicated by a mean of 3.02, 3.11, 2.86, 3.47, 2.76, 3.29 and 2.64 respectively. This indicates that the project embraced stakeholder involvement to a significant extent despite of the challenges faced by not sufficiently including them, incorporating their feedback and expectations in the project. The project team was significantly included in project decision making, policy formulation, discussions and responsibility delegation. This contributed to improved project performance as also concluded by Song, Yu & Zhang (2017) in their study on stakeholder satisfaction operational performance of projects among Chinese A-Share companies established that firms focus on stakeholder involvement on decision making since it significantly influences project performance.

Infrastructure and Performance Chinese funded Projects
The second objective of the study was to establish the effect of infrastructure on the performance of the one belt one road imitative project in Kenya. The respondents were the asked to indicate the extent to which the following aspects of infrastructure affect performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya on a scale of 1-5 where 1-Strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4agree, 5-strongly agree. The findings were as presented in the table below; The technology tool used by our project is in line with our organization vision.

Source: Field data, 2019
The study respondents significantly agreed that their organization has formulated policies to control information technology network, the organization has invested heavily on road network, road network coverage affects their distribution mechanism, they are assisted by investment in development of infrastructure, they have adequate technology incorporated in their daily activities and that the technology tool used by their project is in line with their organization vision as indicated by a mean of 3.56, 3.57, 3.94, 3.66, 3.51 and 3.71 respectively. The study therefore established that to a great extent project policy framework on technology, road network and continued investment in infrastructure has influenced project performance. Skorobogatova and Kuzmina-Merlino (2017) in their study on the transport infrastructure development performance in Latvia similarly indicated that infrastructure development such ICT and road network significantly influences economic and project performance.

Change in Legislation and Project Performance
Legislation entails coming up or existence of relevant policies, regulations and laws governing projects and their implementation. The study respondents were therefore asked to indicated the degree to which the following statements on change in legislation affect performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya on a scale of 1-5 where 1-Strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree. The findings were as presented below; The study respondents were neutral or to a moderate extent indicated that their organization always conduct forums to discuss all matters that affect staff, their staffs are always committed to their work, their organization has laid down communication procedures between staff, management and customers, their organization strengthens employment protection legislation processes, structural reforms support labour flexibility and that there are cost effective financial structures in their organization as indicated by a mean of 3.04, 3.28, 3.39, 3.41, 2.91 and 3.22 respectively. The study therefore established that to a moderate extent had favorable legislations through personnel management, communication, employee protection, structural reforms and cost-effectiveness which contribute positively to project performance. Perkins and Repper (2018) in their review of health legislation on the productivity of IT firms in South Africa realized that legislations provide guidelines, policies and regulations upon which a firm or project operates and adheres to ,which directly and indirectly affects its performance.

4.3.4Loans and Project Performance
Further the study sought to establish the extent to which the respondents rated the following statements on loans as modes of facilitating the SGR project under the One belt One Road Initiative and the effect they had on the performance of the project on a scale of 1-5 where 1-Strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree. The findings were as presented below; The respondents significantly agreed that their organization acquires soft loans and credit guarantees from financial institutions, they acquire financial assistance at lower credit rates and that they have storage mechanism to store financial statements as indicated by a mean of 4.41, 3.67 and 3.94 respectively. The respondents were neutral or to a moderate extent indicated that their organization repays its loan on time, loans are always access fully online and that financial institutions always carry out training on products they offer in their project as indicated by a mean of 3.22, 3.24 and 3.31 respectively. It was therefore indicated that the project relied heavily on loans from the Chinese government, which were sufficiently access but repayment was ongoing and had a long period of time. Dvouletv (2017) in their study on the effects of soft loans and credit guarantees on performance of supported firms in Czech Republic similarly indicated that there is a positive impact of soft loans and credit on the performance of firms and the projects they undertake although they need diligent use and accountability.

Project Performance
The study sought to establish the determinants of the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya. The dependent variable was therefore performance of the SGR project which was selected for analysis. The respondents were therefore asked to indicated the extent to which they agreed with the following indicators of project performance as they applied in their organization on a scale of 1-5 where 1-Strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree. The findings were as presented in the table below; The project is within budget 3.04 0.822

Source: Field data, 2019
The respondents agreed that the project is cost effective; it is within schedule and quality as indicated by a mean of 3.52, 3.66 and 3.97 respectively. The respondents were however neutral on whether the project was within budget as indicated by a mean of 3.04 and standard deviation of 0.822 respectively. This indicates that to a significant extent, the project was performing within scope, time, budget and quality.

Inferential Statistics
The study used inferential statistics to establish the correlation between the independent and dependent variables of the study. The findings of Model Summary, ANOVA and Coefficient of Regression were as indicated in the following sections.

Model Summary
The findings of coefficient of correlation and coefficient of determination are as shown in Table   4.9.

Source: Field data, 2019
The study shows that coefficient of correlation R of 0.839 an indication of strong of correlation between the variables. Coefficient of adjusted R 2 was 0.827 which translates to 82.7%. This show that changes in dependent variable can significantly and sufficiently be explained by independent variables (stakeholder involvement, infrastructure change in legislation and loans).
The residual of 17.3% can be explained by other variables not incorporated in the current study.

ANOVA
An ANOVA was conducted at 95% level of significance. The findings of F Calculated and F Critical are as shown in Table 4.10.

Regression Coefficient
The study used a regression coefficient to establish the determinants of the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya. The findings are indicated in Table 4.11. The p values of all the independent variables which include stakeholder involvement, infrastructure change in legislation and loans were 0.000<0.05 an indication that the variables significantly influenced performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya. This is supported by a study by Begen et al (2018) who in their study on factors affecting implementation of projects in the UK established that the selected factors had a significant effect on project performance.

Introduction
This chapter presents the summary of the findings of the study as presented and discussed in the previous chapter. The study conclusions and recommendations are enumerated based on the findings; suggestions for further studies are also provided.

Summary of the Findings
The main objective of the study was to assess the determinants of the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya; case of One belt One Road Initiative Project. The study sought to establish the effect of stakeholder involvement, infrastructure, change in legislation and loans on the performance of the SGR project which is the pioneer project of the initiative. The response rate was 920.91% which was deemed sufficiently representative. The average Cronbach alpha was 0.789 making the questionnaires statistically reliable. The adjusted R Square was 0.827 which indicates that determinants identified influenced 82.7% of the performance of the selected projects. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze and present data.

Stakeholder Involvement and Performance of Chinese Projects in Kenya
The study established that stakeholder involvement positively and significantly influenced performance of Chinese projects in Kenya. The study established that to a moderate extent the stakeholders are included in the decision making of the project, the policies formulated by the organization allows full participation of the employees, the staff are committed to their work because of favorable policies, top management in the project delegate responsibilities to the project teams, they are motivated by favorable policies that have been formed in their organization, their project support their development through training and that the project always conduct forums for discussion with all stakeholders. The project team was significantly included in project decision making, policy formulation, discussions and responsibility delegation. This contributed to improved project performance.

Infrastructure and Performance of Chinese funded Projects in Kenya
The study established that infrastructure significantly influenced performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya. The study respondents significantly agreed that their organization has formulated policies to control information technology network, the organization has invested heavily on road network, road network coverage affects their distribution mechanism, they are assisted by investment in development of infrastructure, they have adequate technology incorporated in their daily activities and that the technology tool used by their project is in line with their organization vision. The study therefore established that to a great extent project policy framework on technology, road network and continued investment in infrastructure has influenced project performance.

Change in Legislation and Performance of Chinese Funded Projects in Kenya
The study pointed out that change in legislation in favour of a project positively influenced performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya and vice versa. The study established that to a moderate extent indicated that their organization always conduct forums to discuss all matters that affect staff, their staffs are always committed to their work, their organization has laid down communication procedures between staff, management and customers, their organization strengthens employment protection legislation processes, structural reforms support labour flexibility and that there are cost effective financial structures in their organization. The study therefore established that to a moderate extent had favorable legislations through personnel management, communication, employee protection, structural reforms and cost-effectiveness which contribute positively to project performance.

Loans and Performance of Chinese Funded Projects in Kenya
The study established that availability, affordability and reliability of loans significantly influenced performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya. The study established that the organization acquires soft loans and credit guarantees from financial institutions, they acquire financial assistance at lower credit rates and that they have storage mechanism to store financial statements. The respondents were neutral or to a moderate extent indicated that their organization repays its loan on time, loans are always access fully online and that financial institutions always carry out training on products they offer in their project. It was therefore indicated that the project relied heavily on loans from the Chinese government, which were sufficiently access but repayment was ongoing and had a long period of time.

Conclusion
The study concluded that the selected determinants to a significant extent influenced the performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya. The study concluded that the projects embraced stakeholder involvement to a significant extent despite of the challenges faced by not sufficiently including them, incorporating their feedback and expectations in the project.
The study concluded that to a great extent project policy framework on technology, road network and continued investment in infrastructure has influenced project performance The study concluded that the projects relied heavily on loans from the Chinese government, which were sufficiently access but repayment was ongoing and had a long period of time

Recommendations
The study recommends that the project management should improve stakeholder involvement, participation and consultation and also incorporate their feedback in the project implementation cycle to foster project performance.
The projects should work on improving infrastructure to facilitate project delivery through use of modern technology and available road network to ensure the project is implemented in time.
The study recommends that the projects should ensure that there is due diligence before a loan or credit is sourced, enhance accountability, transparency and integrity in use of resources and the loans granted.

Suggestions for Further Studies
It was recommended further studies be done on other Chinese projects in Kenya a part from SGR. The study recommends a similar study to be carried out by use of secondary data. The current study had a coefficient of adjusted R 2 of 0.827 and a residual of 17.3% which can be explained by other variables beyond the scope of the current study that future scholars should focus on. The main objective of the study was to establish the determinants of the performance of Chinese projects in Kenya, future scholars should carry out similar studies on other determinants apart from the ones selected, other sectors or projects. The research only meant to accomplish research purposes. I really request you that you dedicate few minutes to fill the questionnaires. I assure you that the information and data provided will be confidentially handled.

APPENDICES
Your assistance will highly be appreciated. We are included in the decision making of our organization.
The policies formulated by our organization is allows full participation of the employees We are committed to our work because of favorable policies. Top management in our organization delegate responsibilities to the project teams.
We are motivated by favorable policies that have been formed in our organization. Our organization support our development through training Our organization always conduct forums for discussion

SECTION C: Infrastructure and Performance
6. To what extent does Infrastructure affect performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya? Use 1-Strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree Statement 1 2 3 4 5 Our organization have formulated policies to control information technology network We have invested heavily on road network Road network coverage affect our distribution mechanism We are assisted by invested in development of infrastructures.
We have adequate technology incorporated in our daily activities The technology tool used by our is in line with our organization vision.

SECTION D: Change in Legislation and Performance
7. What are the impacts of Change in Legislation on performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya? Use 1-Strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree Statement 1 2 3 4 5 Our organizations always conduct forums to discuss the all matters that affect staff Our staff are always committed to their work Our organization have laid down communication procedures between the staff, management and their customers Our organization strengths employment protection legislation processes Structural reforms supports labour flexibility We have cost-effective financial structures in our organization Section E:Loans and Performance 8. What are the impacts of Loans on performance of Chinese funded projects in Kenya? Use 1-Strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree Statement 1 2 3 4 5 Our organization acquires soft loans and credit guarantees from financial institutions. We acquire financial assistance at lower credit rates. We have storage mechanism to store financial statements Our organization repay their loans on time Loans are always accessed fully online Financial institution always carries out training on product they offer in our organization.

SECTION E: Project Performance Indicators
Below are some of the project performance indicators that are affected by determinants of performance. Please indicate the extent to which you agree with the measures of project performance that have been most affected by this determinants. Use 1-Strongly disagree, 2disagree, 3-undecided, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree.

Project Performance Indicator
1 2 3 4 5 The project is being implemented within Cost The project is on schedule

Quality is not compromised
The project is within budget