Evaluation of Performance Non-signal Intersection on Telekomunikasi Road Intersection-Terusan Buah Batu Road, Bandung-West Java

Evaluation of performance non-signal intersection on Telekomunikasi Road Intersection – Terusan Buah Batu Road is carried out by considering the geometric conditions of the road, traffic volume, side barriers, and environmental conditions around the intersection. Primary data and secondary data were analyzed by referring to the Indonesian Road Capacity Manual Method (MKJI 1997). From the results of the study, it was found that on Wednesday at 15:20 – 16:20, the maximum capacity value of 9,326/hours exceeded the base capacity of type 324 crossing (Co = 3,200 pcu / hour). The highest degree of saturation (DS) occurs on Monday at 6:20 7:20, which is 0.86. This means that the service level value is in class E (0.85 1.00). Namely, unstable traffic flow, solid vehicles, stagnant traffic and intersection volume higher are than its capacity, so that crossing conditions require handling. From the data above, it is known that the Telekomunikasi Road intersection Terusan Buah Batu Road is not feasible to accommodate traffic flows and it needs to be handled by making stop lines, road signs as vehicle lane separators and warning signs, danger signs or by installing traffic signal lights.


Introduction
The Telekomunikasi Road Intersection -Buah Batu Road is a type of non-signalized intersection. The pattern of regulating traffic at this intersection is not optimal; this can be seen from the quite heavy traffic flow and congestion, especially during rush hour in the morning, afternoon, and in the afternoon.
By taking into account the geometric conditions of the road, the volume of traffic flow, side barriers and intersection environment, which is a commercial area, and then try to evaluate the performance of the three-arm unsignalized intersection of Telekomunikasi Road -Buah Batu Road, Bandung Regency.
The purpose of this study was to determine the traffic behavior at an unsignalized intersection on Telekomunikasi Road -Terusan Buah Batu Road using the Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI) 1997. The results of this study are expected to be a reference and input for related agencies that are directly or indirectly related directly in traffic to make new planning and steps in accordance with community needs, so that it can be applied in reducing congestion on existing road capacity.

Non-signal Intersection
Non-signalized intersections with road rights arrangements (priority from the left) are generally used in urban settlements and inland areas for intersections between local roads and low traffic flows. For intersections with different classes and/ or functions of roads, traffic on minor roads must be set with a "yield" or "stop" sign.
The 1997 Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI) distinguishes intersections from signalized intersections (traffic signals) and non-signal intersections (non-traffic signals). Non-signalized intersections are controlled by the basic rules of Indonesian traffic that give way to vehicles from the left, while the signal intersections are controlled by traffic light.

Intersection Type
The intersection/ Intersection Type (IT) type is determined by the number of intersection arms and the number of lanes on the major and minor roads in the intersection with a three-digit code as shown in table 1.

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Evaluation of Performance Non-signal Intersection on Telekomunikasi Road Intersection -Terusan Buah Batu Road, Bandung -West Java

Non-signal Intersection Performance
Intersection performance is a condition at the intersection that must be sought to determine the level of achievement of the intersection. The parameter that must be sought to find out the intersection performance is the ratio between capacity (Capacity/ C) and existing traffic flow (Q). From the ratio of capacity, current will be obtained the number of degrees of saturation (Degree of saturation/ DS). With the value of degree of saturation (DS) and capacity value (C), the level of performance of each approach can be calculated as well as the overall level of intersection performance. The level of performance measured in the Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI 1997) is the delay (Delays/ D) and the chance of queuing.

Traffic Flow (Q)
The traffic flow used in the intersection capacity analysis is used the most congested traffic flow per hour from the overall movement of the vehicle. The total vehicle flow is the vehicle per hour for each movement calculated by% (prosent) conversion vehicles, namely passenger car ekivalents (pce). Q PCU = Qkeng x Kpcu Information: Q PCU = total current at the intersection (pcu / hour) Q keng = current there are each intersection (pcu / hour) K PCU = factor pcu The passenger car unit (pcu) factor for various types of vehicles can be calculated using the formula K smp = (LV% x pce LV + HV% x pceHV x MC% x pceMC) / 100 2.3.2. Non-signal Intersection Capacity MKJI (1997) defines that capacity is the maximum maintained (fixed) traffic flow on a part of the road under certain conditions stated in vehicles/ hours or junior / hour.
The total capacity of an intersection can be expressed as a result of multiplication between basic capacity (Co) and adjustment factors (F). The formulation of intersection capacity according to MKJI 1997 is written as follows: The limit of the QP% queue probability value is determined by the empirical relationship between the probability of QP queue% and the degree of saturation of the DS. Opportunities for queuing with upper and lower limits can be obtained using the following formula below  Table 2.

Research Methodology
The flow of thought in the research methodology can be described as in Figure 1:

Research Sites
This research was carried out at the Telecommunication Street unsignalized intersection -on Jalan Terusan Buah Batu, Bandung Regency, West Java Province -Indonesia.

Data Collection
Data collection at the intersection that will be analyzed is carried out for 3 days with a one-hour time period in the morning, noon and afternoon. Data retrieval was carried out directly in the field on each intersection arm. From each arm observed all data for morning, noon and afternoon were taken for one hour.

Intersection Data
Telekomunikasi Road Intersection -Terusan Buah Batu Road is a non-signal three-arm intersection located on the crossing of the Terusan Buah Batu and serves as a major/ major road at the intersection. The condition of each road section consists of two directions and two lanes without borders (median). On the main road and minor roads, there are sidewalks on both sides of the road.
Data on Telekomunikasi Road intersection -Terusan Buah Batu Road can be seen in Figure 2.

Performance of Non-signal Intersection Analysis
Non-signalized intersection performance analysis is done by computerization, where the intersection performance analyzed includes capacity (C), degree of saturation (DS), delay (D) and queuing opportunity (DS) based on the Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI) 1997.
The flow chart (Flow chart) which will be a reference procedure for calculating and analyzing the data as follows:

Discussion
The results of the calculation can be seen that at the intersection of Telokomunikasi Road -Terusan Buah Batu Road, it is not feasible to accommodate traffic flow as a consideration in controlling and managing future traffic. The maximum value of the maximum capacity at the intersection is 9326 pcu/ hour, occurring on Wednesday 16th January 2019 at 15.20-16.20, already exceeding the basic capacity (Co = 3200 pcu/ hour). This will continue to increase in line with population growth with the increasing number of vehicles While based on the calculation of degree of saturation (DS) obtained value of 0.859 occurred on Monday 14th January 2019 at 06.20-207.20, which states that for the service level is in class E (0.85 -1.00), i.e. the traffic flow is unstable; the vehicle is solid; the traffic is stagnant and the intersection volume is higher than its capacity. This situation results in losses that must be borne by the driver, including increased operational costs, delayed travel time and also impact on comfort,

Conclusions
Based on the formulation of the problem and the results of the calculation of non-signal intersections on Telekomunikasi Road -Terusan Buah Batu Road in Bandung Regency by using the 1997 Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI) Guidelines, the following conclusions can be obtained: 1. Based on the results of the analysis of the level of intersection performance obtained as follows: a. On Monday which shows the highest DS value (Degree of saturation) is at 06.20 -7.20, which is equal to 0.86, and the value for the service level is in class E (0.85 -1.00), namely the flow of traffic unstable, solid vehicles, stagnant traffic and intersection volume higher than capacity. b. On Wednesday which shows the highest DS value (degree of saturation) is at 06.20 -7.20, which is equal to 0.67, and the value for the service level is in class C (0.45 -0.74), namely traffic flow stable, speed is controlled by traffic. c. On Saturday which shows the highest DS value (degree of saturation) is at 06.20 -7.20, which is equal to 0.78, and the value for the service level is in class D (0.75 -0.84), namely traffic flow unstable, low speed. d. On Wednesday at 15:20 -16:20, the maximum capacity value of 9326 pcu/ hour exceeded the basic 324 junction capacity (Co = 3200 pcu / hour).
2. From the above data volume results in a decrease in the level of intersection performance due to the delay experienced by each vehicle and the Telekomunikasi Road intersection -Terusan Buah Batu Road is not feasible to accommodate traffic flows.
The results of this study are suggested as follows: 1. A better traffic control system is needed at intersections, such as making stop lines, road markers as vehicle lane separators and warning signs, danger signs or by installing traffic signal lights. This is deemed necessary to be carried out immediately by the parties concerned in order to improve service and anticipate congestion at the intersection 2. It is necessary to review the geometric compatibility of intersections based on current traffic conditions and predictions for the coming year 3. The government is expected to pay more attention to unsignalized intersections that have been troubled by deploying officers related to traffic control, namely traffic police so that during rush hour the traffic flow remains smooth